The development of modern large-scale farming and animal husbandry engineering technology has experienced a tortuous course. Today, China's aquaculture industry has made great progress. Many small-scale farms are good at operation and management. They have expanded their breeding scale through profit expansion and re-production. Some enterprises have raised the scale of poultry raising to 50,000-200,000. Only, and began to use automatic farming (ventilation, feeding, drinking, defecation, picking eggs). On the other hand, leading enterprises have gradually improved the distribution of interests in various chains, and the construction of large-scale farms has become more and more perfect. At the same time, the construction of epidemic prevention projects and awareness of epidemic prevention have been strengthened. It has the market's ability to resist risks and its scale is growing.

However, most small and medium-sized enterprises in China are still in a low-level development stage. The annual yield of foreign good-quality laying hens is 18~20Kg, and the survival rate during laying period is over 93%. However, the current production level of laying hens in China is generally around 16Kg, and the individual reaches 18Kg. Above, the survival rate during laying period is generally around 85%, and most chicken farms are in a low profit and maintain business status. The reason is that in addition to the uncontrollable disease and lower feeding techniques, the technical defects in livestock engineering are the biggest problem. At present, many aquaculture companies do not know how to choose modern products when investing in equipment. As a result, the utilization rate of equipment is low, and the excellent quality of livestock and poultry cannot be fully utilized. Farming equipment involves the cultivation of a variety of equipment in different fields. By dividing the production process, we can basically divide modern farming equipment and technology into:

First, the poultry house construction

In terms of architecture, modern poultry house construction has changed the past high-cost brick-concrete structure, and developed simple energy-saving open-type, greenhouse-type, arch-structure poultry houses and composite polystyrene board assembly poultry houses; In terms of utilization, modern poultry houses make full use of solar energy to achieve lighting or heating; people also use bio-fermentation technology to breed and develop biological beds to raise pigs, and litter fermentation has also begun to be used in the breeding of broilers and meat ducks. The use of all these new technologies has achieved significant ecological, economic and social benefits in terms of savings in capital and energy. In the next few years, the development direction of poultry houses will be to develop semi-enclosed poultry. It can make use of the open natural light energy to make up for the shortcomings of the closed poultry house, and it is also beneficial to bio-safety control. This model has its status quo in line with China's agricultural development.

For example: light steel poultry house, light steel poultry house with large span, short construction period and good seismic performance. It can effectively use the building space, make the building shape simple and beautiful, and make the component specifications uniform and uniform, suitable for modern large-scale breeding industry, and can adapt to different weather conditions in north and south of China. If equipped with modern farming equipment, the breeding density can be increased, and the days and weights of the market can be accurately estimated.

Second, laying hens, broiler cage technology

Mainly reflected in the adoption of high-density breeding methods from the ground. This method reduces the contact between poultry and feces, is conducive to disease control, and also increases the stocking density, reduces the floor space, increases the egg production rate of laying hens by 6-10%, and improves the fertilization rate by about 10%. The cage chicken equipment has a stacked type, a stepped type, and a half step type according to the sectional form thereof. The number of cages can be single, double or triple, up to eight layers; breeders, laying hens, and broilers have corresponding cages.

At present, with the development of modern aquaculture industry, there have been problems such as labor shortage or expensive, labor intensity of artificial insemination in the breeding cages and pollution, so it is necessary to carry out research and development of the population, and according to the weight of poultry The size of the mesh wire and the cage size parameters of the cage; different types of cages are designed and developed according to different widths and lengths of the poultry house.

Third, feeding and drinking equipment

The feeding equipment includes a material tower, a conveyor and a feeding machine, and the feeding machine has a spiral spring type, a chain type, a cable tray type, a driving type and the like, except that the driving type feeding machine is only used for cage maintenance, and the other various types. Can be used for flat maintenance, but also for cage maintenance. The coil spring type and the cable tray type are open feeding in the cage, and the closed feeding can be closed. The coil spring type feeder consists of a tank, a feed pipe, auger, a tray and a drive motor. Suitable for broilers, laying hens, breeders, turkeys, ducks and other poultry. Because the feeding is concentrated in the center of the pan, the material level is adjustable, which can prevent the chicken from catching and splashing the feed, thus greatly saving the feed. The disc is made of durable UV-resistant plastic for easy disassembly and easy cleaning.

The drinking water system includes a water tank, a water pressure regulator, a filter, a water pipe, and a drinking fountain. Drinking fountains are available in nipples, cups, bells and hanging towers. Simple chicken farms can also be used with long sinks. The hanging tower drinker is only used for flat maintenance. From the perspective of water conservation and prevention of bacterial contamination, the nipple drinker is the ideal water supply equipment for poultry feeding. However, the choice must be paid attention to the sealing performance of the nipple drinker, you must choose a high quality watertight drinker. According to the structure, it is generally divided into a cone valve type and a ball valve type.

Taper valve type: Made of high quality stainless steel or high quality plastic. The arrangement and wide span of the valve elements maximize the protection of the water supply system. The product is characterized by a pop-up type of sewer valve to ensure sufficient water supply.

Ball valve type: The upper part adopts a conical water needle, which not only controls the water flow, but also prevents the water from overflowing and causing waste. At the same time, because the product belongs to the ball valve type, although the amount of water is reduced compared with the plunger type, it has certain advantages in sealing performance! The use of feeders and drinkers not only eliminates manpower, improves labor efficiency, but more importantly saves feed and water, and also ensures the feeding and drinking water hygiene of poultry.

Fourth, ventilation equipment

Modern ventilation equipment can discharge the waste gas from the poultry house, which is conducive to the growth and health of poultry and creates environmental conditions for the efficient production of poultry. Early ventilation equipment uses industrial fans, resulting in high noise, high energy consumption and large investment in poultry houses. This not only caused a great waste to the poultry farm, but also caused poor environmental conditions in the house and affected the production performance of the poultry. With the widespread use of agricultural energy-efficient fans and vertical ventilation technology for poultry houses, modern ventilation equipment has made significant progress in saving energy, reducing equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs, reducing noise and improving the environment inside and outside the house. Significantly improved.

Five, the interior wet curtain cooling equipment

If there are only ventilation devices such as fans in the poultry house, and there is no corresponding cooling device, the poultry house will easily overheat in the summer, which will cause heat stroke in poultry and seriously affect the health and production of poultry. The wet curtain cooling equipment is an important tool to effectively solve the summer heat and reduce the damage caused by high temperature heat stress in the house. The wet curtain cooling equipment is matched with the longitudinal ventilation fan, which can reduce the temperature in the summer house from 35~36 °C to the suitable temperature of poultry at 28~30 °C, which basically ensures the normal production of poultry in the hot season.

Six, poultry house winter heating equipment

Hot air stoves, heaters and positive pressure pipe air supply technology are very important for winter heating of poultry houses. The fan can heat the fresh air introduced into the equipment before it is sent to the poultry house. By combining with the heating system, the temperature problem in the poultry house in the winter cold season is fundamentally improved. Low investment, high thermal efficiency and low coal consumption. However, the use of hot blast stoves still has the problem that the equipment is too dry and the temperature inside the house is not uniform. Therefore, research should be continued in the future, and the problem of temperature distribution in the house should be solved by humidification.

Seven, poultry house environment automatic control technology

The poultry house environmental control technology is a set of hardware and software systems capable of intelligently controlling the environment of temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation and other factors based on the age of poultry in the poultry house. At present, the automatic control system for poultry house environment needs further improvement and optimization, such as automatically turning on the air volume of the fan according to the temperature in different areas of the house, adjusting the ventilation direction of the fan, etc., so that the environmental control and production management technology can be combined to truly optimize the system. control.

For the development of large-scale farming, advanced modern farming equipment is indispensable. If there is no modern and advanced animal husbandry engineering facilities and equipment, the Chinese aquaculture industry may still stay at the level of the early 1980s, and modern large-scale farming is difficult to achieve. However, it is worth noting that the advanced livestock facilities and equipment have different performance characteristics and must be matched with the different production methods, purposes and scale of the aquaculture enterprises. Users need to know more about the corresponding livestock and poultry facilities, equipment performance and characteristics, and make scientific and rational use, in order to give full play to the production efficiency of supporting facilities and equipment. There is still a certain gap between China's livestock engineering technology and developed countries. This requires us to develop more scientific, more advanced, more practical and efficient facilities and equipment for enterprises engaged in research and development of poultry hatchery equipment. The international advanced level will make greater contributions to the healthy development of China's modern aquaculture industry.